Cervical Dysplasia

Description of the Disease

Cervical dysplasia is a precancerous condition in which cells of the cervix undergo changes, becoming abnormal and atypical. This condition can progress to cervical cancer.

Classification

• Cervical dysplasia can be classified as low-grade (mild), moderate, and high-grade (severe).

Symptoms

• Usually, cervical dysplasia does not exhibit symptoms in the early stages, but high-grade dysplasia or cervical cancer may cause abnormal discharge, post-coital bleeding, and pelvic pain.

Causes

The main causes of cervical dysplasia include human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, smoking, early onset of sexual activity, and immunodeficiency conditions.

Diagnosis

Cervical dysplasia can be detected through colposcopy, cytological examination (Pap smear), and biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment of cervical dysplasia may involve procedures to remove abnormal tissues (conization, cryotherapy), laser therapy, surgical removal, or radiation therapy in cases of cervical cancer.

Prevention

• Prevention of cervical dysplasia includes HPV vaccination, smoking cessation, protection from sexually transmitted infections, and regular gynecological examinations and screenings (including Pap smears).

Physician

A gynecologist is a specialist involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cervical dysplasia.