What is Hepatitis D?

Description of the disease

Hepatitis D (or delta hepatitis) is a viral liver disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). It can occur either as a standalone disease or in conjunction with hepatitis B. Hepatitis D is one type of autoimmune hepatitis and can lead to serious complications such as liver cirrhosis and cancer.

Classification

• Hepatitis D can be classified as acute or chronic depending on the duration of the infection.
• Acute hepatitis D includes a rapid onset of symptoms, while chronic hepatitis D may progress slowly and unnoticed.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hepatitis D may include jaundice, fatigue, pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, and so on.

Causes

Hepatitis D is transmitted through blood and other fluids, as well as through sexual contact. The main causes of infection include the use of contaminated needles, non-standard tattooing and piercing procedures, and unsafe sexual contact.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hepatitis D is usually established based on blood tests for the presence of antibodies and viral load. Sometimes a liver biopsy may be necessary.

Treatment

Treatment of hepatitis D usually involves the use of antiviral drugs, supportive therapy, and, in some cases, liver transplantation.

Prevention

• Prevention of hepatitis D includes vaccination against hepatitis B, avoiding unsafe injection and other medical instruments, as well as sexual hygiene.

Doctor

Hepatitis D treatment is conducted by a gastroenterologist or hepatologist.